Understanding ESD Ionizers and Their Role in ESD Control

This article explains the basics of ESD Ionizers and their types. It also covers the fundamental working principle of an ESD control ionizer. As we know, a significant percentage of electronic component failures – around 28% – are due to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). There are various methods to control ESD-related failures in electronic components, and an ionizer is one such piece of equipment used for this purpose. They are considered particularly effective in controlling failures in class-0 components.

Ionizers are used to neutralize any unwanted charge on ESD-sensitive components and insulators present in an ESD Protected Area (EPA). Ionizers come in various forms, including:

• Desktop Fan Type
• Horizontal mount fan placed on a tabletop
• Advanced ionizers with feedback provision

Working of an ESD Control Ionizer

Image: ESD control ionizer

The figure above shows an ionizer directed towards an area where charge neutralization is needed. Feedback sensors are utilized in feedback-controlled ionizers.

Let’s delve into how an ESD control ionizer works:

• A transformer is connected to an AC power supply. For DC-type ionizers, separate sources are used to generate positive and negative voltages.
• The transformer amplifies the charges, which are then fed to a metal mesh to charge it.
• A fan is used to push the charged ions towards the EPA (ESD Protected Area).

Selecting an ESD Ionizer for Your Application

When choosing an ESD control ionizer for your specific needs, consider the following factors:

• Type of ionizer: Determine whether you need an AC ionizer, pulsed DC ionizer, or steady-state DC ionizer.
• Class of ESD-sensitive component: Consider the ESD sensitivity of the components you will be handling.
• Coverage area: Decide on the area that needs to be covered. This will help you choose between a desktop fan-type ionizer or a curtain-type ceiling mount ionizer.
• Alarm and data logging: Check whether the ionizer provides alarm functionalities or continuous data logging capabilities.
• Modularity: Opt for a modular design for ease of maintenance.
• EM Compatibility: Ensure that the ionizer doesn’t interfere with nearby Electromagnetic (EM) radiating equipment.